MacConkey agar (MAC) was the first solid differential media to be formulated which was developed at 20th century by Alfred Theodore MacConkey. MacConkey agar is a selective and differential media used for the isolation and differentiation of non-fastidious gram-negative rods, particularly members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and the genus Pseudomonas.
Conky is a system monitor for X originally based on torsmo. Since its inception, Conky has changed significantly from its predecessor, while maintaining simplicity and configurability. Conky can display just about anything, either on your root desktop or in its own window.
The Conky website lists Linux and BSD support which I assume to mean OpenBSD/FreeBSD. Mac is not mentioned. I just browsed the source code and I don't see any sign of support for collecting. Use it in Conky (Linux/BSD) or GeekTool (Mac) configurations as a desktop-agnostic fuzzy clock. Translated to French, German, Italian and Spanish. Downloads: 2 This Week Last Update: 2018-09-24 See Project. Doge Linux 18.04 is a distribution based on Ubuntu 18.04. Alternatives to Conky for Mac with any license GKrellM. GKrellM is a single process stack of system monitors which supports applying themes to match its appearance to. GeekTool is an application for Mac OS 10.6+. It lets you display various kinds of information on your desktop. The latest conky configuration is actualy a Lua file. It is very flexible, compared with the old plain text Conky Configuration. We can separate the long old conky TEXT, into separate Lua function. One application benefit from this Conky Lua Config is i3status. Before we get too deep, let's see the old way of configuring i3status with Conky.
Composition of MacConkey Agar
Ingredients | Amount |
Peptone (Pancreatic digest of gelatin) | 17 gm |
Proteose peptone (meat and casein) | 3 gm |
Lactose monohydrate | 10 gm |
Bile salts | 1.5 gm |
Sodium chloride | 5 gm |
Neutral red | 0.03 gm |
Crystal Violet | 0.001 g |
Agar | 13.5 gm |
Distilled Water | Add to make 1 Liter |
Final pH 7.1 +/- 0.2 at 25 degrees C.
Principle of MacConkey Agar
MacConkey agar is used for the isolation of gram-negative enteric bacteria and the differentiation of lactose fermenting from lactose non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria. Pancreatic digest of gelatin and peptones (meat and casein) provide the essential nutrients, vitamins and nitrogenous factors required for growth of microorganisms. Lactose monohydrate is the fermentable source of carbohydrate. The selective action of this medium is attributed to crystal violet and bile salts, which are inhibitory to most species of gram-positive bacteria. Sodium chloride maintains the osmotic balance in the medium. Neutral red is a pH indicator that turns red at a pH below 6.8 and is colorless at any pH greater than 6.8. Agar is the solidifying agent.
Uses of MacConkey Agar
- MacConkey agar is used for the isolation of gram-negative enteric bacteria.
- It is used in the differentiation of lactose fermenting from lactose non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria.
- It is used for the isolation of coliforms and intestinal pathogens in water, dairy products and biological specimens.
Preparation of MacConkey Agar
- Suspend 49.53 grams of dehydrated medium in 1000 ml purified/distilled water.
- Heat to boiling to dissolve the medium completely.
- Sterilize by autoclaving at 15 lbs pressure (121°C) for 15 minutes.
- Cool to 45-50°C.
- Mix well before pouring into sterile Petri plates.
Result Interpretation on MacConkey Agar
Lactose fermenting strains grow as red or pink and may be surrounded by a zone of acid precipitated bile. The red colour is due to production of acid from lactose, absorption of neutral red and a subsequent colour change of the dye when the pH of medium falls below 6.8.
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Lactose non-fermenting strains, such as Shigella and Salmonella are colourless and transparent and typically do not alter appearance of the medium. Yersinia enterocolitica may appear as small, non-lactose fermenting colonies after incubation at room temperature.
Colony Morphology on MacConkey Agar
Organism | Colour | Remarks |
Escherichia coli | red/pink | non-mucoid |
Aerobacter aerogenes | pink | mucoid |
Enterococcus species | red | minute, round |
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa | green-brown | fluorescent growth |
Limitations of MacConkey Agar
- The colonial characteristics described give presumptive identification only of the isolated organisms. It is necessary to subculture and carry out confirmation tests for final identification.
- Some strains may be encountered that grow poorly or fail to grow on this medium.
- Incubation of MacConkey Agar plates under increased CO2 has been reported to reduce growth and recovery of a number of strains of Gram-negative bacilli.
- Some strains of Proteus may swarm on this medium.
References
- Austin Community College, 5930 Middle Fiskville Rd., Austin, Texas
- ASM Microbe Library: MacConkey Agar Plates Protocols
- Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Dehydrated Culture Media: MacConkey Agar
- Acumedia Manufacturers: MacConkey Agar
- HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Technical data: MacConkey Agar
- Hardy Diagnostics: MacConkey Agar
- Science Prof Online (SPO): MacConkey Agar
- Bacteriological Analytical Manual, 8th Edition, Revision A, 1998.
- Collin County Community College District.
- Microbe Online
- Wikipedia
So what is Conky? Conky is a free, light-weight system monitor for X, that displays any kind of information on your desktop and works on Raspberry Pi. It is highly configurable and is able to monitor many system variables including the status of the CPU, memory, swap space, disk storage, temperatures, processes, and much more.
Features:
Conky can display more than 300 built-in objects, including support for:
- A plethora of OS stats (uname, uptime, CPU usage, mem usage, disk usage, 'top' like process stats, and network monitoring, just to name a few).
- Built-in IMAP and POP3 support.
- Built-in support for many popular music players (MPD, XMMS2, BMPx, Audacious).
- Can be extended using built-in Lua support, or any of your own scripts and programs (more).
- Built-in Imlib2 and Cairo bindings for arbitrary drawing with Lua (more).
- Runs on Linux, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, DragonFlyBSD, NetBSD, Solaris, Haiku OS, and macOS and much much more.
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There is a great installation guide over at Nova Spirit Tech. I have copied it for your convenience below.
How to Install Conky:
I am sorry to say that there is no GUI install for Conky so we are going to have it install it from the command line. Open a terminal window and copy and paste the BLUE CODE below:
sudo apt-get install conky -y
Now download the conky configuration file
wget -O /home/pi/.conkyrc https://raw.githubusercontent.com/novaspirit/rpi_conky/master/rpi3_conkyrc
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To autostart conky on boot we will need to create 2 files:
1. will be a shell script to delay the boot process of conky.
2. will be the conky desktop files to allow lxdesktop to start the shell script
To create the shell script
sudo nano /usr/bin/conky.sh
Paste this into the conky.sh file
#!/bin/sh
(sleep 4s && conky) &
exit 0
Now create the conky.desktop file for the autostart process
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sudo nano /etc/xdg/autostart/conky.desktop
Then paste this into the file
[Desktop Entry]
Name=conky
Type=Application
Exec=sh /usr/bin/conky.sh
Terminal=false
Comment=system monitoring tool.
Categories=Utility;
The last thing to do is to reboot to make sure everything is working. As you can see from the following picture it is!
Conky For Mac Download
I have included the video below for your step by step installation. In the above picture, I installed it on my Raspberry Pi 3B+. In the video below I installed it on my Raspberry Pi Zero WH.